1 Introduction
Knowledge-Based Systems for Strategic Company Planning
Using Knowledge-Based Systems Both to Do Strategic Planning and to Acquire Strategic-Planning Skills
Part 1 Defining the Expert's Knowledge Domain-An Introduction to Strategic Company Planning
2 Developing Company Strategies
Corporate Strategic Planning
Areas Covered in Developing Company Strategies
How Company Strategies Are Developed
Segmentation of the Process to Facilitate Knowledge-Based Systems
Development
Basic General Thought Processes and Cognitive Skills Involved in Planning
Conclusion
3 Analyzing the Industry
Analyzing the Situation and Organizing Your Perceptions of It
Looking to the Future
The Place of the Industry Analysis in the Strategy
Development Process
4 Identifying Opportunities and the Keys to Success
Identifying Opportunities: Where the Money will be Made?
Identifying Keys to Success: How the Money will be Made?
5 Evaluating Competitive Positions
The Competition
The Company Under Study
The Company Versus the Competition: Comparative Competitive
Position Evaluation
Exploring the Meaning of the Comparative
Evaluation: The First Look
6 Developing Strategic Company Objectives: The Synthesis
Exploring the Strategic Implications of the Comparative
Competitive Position Evaluation
Developing Overall Strategy Direction and Focus:
The Competitor Scenario Evaluation: A Risk Assessment
Evaluating Alternatives and Making a Decision: Finding the Best Balance
7 Creating a Strategic-Planning Framework
Extending the Scope of the Strategic Company Objective
Developing an Overall Strategic-Planning Framework for Operational
Planning and Decision Making
Developing Business Plans within the Strategic-Planning Framework
Financial Planning and Budgeting
Part 2 Knowledge-Based Systems
8 Knowledge-Based Systems: What They are and How They Work
What Expert Knowledge-Based Systems Are
Knowledge Representation
The Inference Engine: Inferential Reasoning
Knowledge-Based System Programming Languages and Shells
9 Structured Situation Analysis
Selecting a Decision, Problem, or Task to Work on
Acquiring the Knowledge or Expertise
Probing How the Situation Works and How Decisions Are Made
Narrowing the Focus
System Proposals
Description of the System
Dependency Diagrams of the System
Decision Charts
Designing and Constructing the Knowledge Base
A Situational Approach to Knowledge-Based System Development
Selecting the Method of Putting the Knowledge-Based System
Into a Computer
11 Putting Knowledge-Based Systems on Computer: Using M.1 and EXSYS
Microcomputer Expert System Shells
Using M.1
Using EXSYS
12 Putting Knowledge-Based Systems on Computer: Using Guru and Other
Development Tools and Techniques
Using GURU
An Object-Oriented Microcomputer Knowledge-Based System
Development Tool: Smalltalk/V
Mainframe Knowledge-Based System Development Tools
Knowledge-Based System Programming Languages
Certainty Factors
Part 3 Developing and Using Knowledge-Based Strategic Company Planning Systems
13 A System for Developing Strategic Company Objectives: Analyzing the
Situation and Documenting the System
The Situation Under Study: Understanding the Expert's Domain
Studying the Situation to be Prototyped
The Limitations and Uses of System Prototyping
Documenting the System
14 A System for Developing Strategic Company Objectives: Putting it on
Computer and Enhancing it
Putting the Prototype System onto a Computer Using M.1 and GURU
Enhancements of the Initial Prototype System
15 A System to Assist in Identifying Opportunities for Using Computer
Information Technology Strategically
The Situation Under Study: Selecting a Decision Area to Work on
Studying the Situation to be Prototyped
Documenting the Prototype System
Benefits and Limitations of the Prototype System
The Potential Legal Risks
16 An Entrepreneurial New Venture Planning System
The Situation Under Study: Understanding the Expert's Domain
Studying the Situation to be Prototyped
Documenting the Prototype System
The Role of Financial Planning and Analysis
17 A Career Strategy Planning System
The Situation Under Study: Understanding How the Decision's Works
Studying the Situation to be Prototyped
Documenting the Prototype System
Systems Refinements
18 A System for Determining Marketing Strategy: International Affiliates
The Situation Under Study: Understanding the Expert's Domain
Studying the Situation to be Prototyped
Documenting the Prototype System
19 A Commercial Loan Approval System
The Situation Under Study: Understanding the Expert's Domain
Studying the Situation to be Prototyped
Documenting the Prototype System
The Future: Integrated Knowledge-Based and Conventional
Computer Systems
Part 4 Appendixes
A Industry Strategic Profile Worksheet
B Company Studies
Quaker Oats Company
Electrolux
The International Thomson Organization
Eastman Kodak
Holiday Inns